In this context a problem was with 0COSTCENTER hierarchy.
In other hand, when I run BEx report stand alone, and chose there in filter the same vale, BEx report retrieves data.
Firstly I checked my BEx Report from BICS connection and saw that in Characteristic properties -> display -> Text View is defined as Medium-Length Text.
It was logical, because I saw in prompt text longer than 20 characteristics, but only after selection of a long value report didn't retrieve a data.
After this, I checked InfoObject BEx definitions in RSA1 transaction, BW. To my surprise there also were good definitions: Text Type = 2 Medium-Length Text. But a report still didn't retrieve a data.
After a brainstorming with Valentin Gorelik (Senior BW Consultant), I decided to change "Provider-Specific Properties of the InfoObject". I chose in display property option "F Key and Text as Medium Text".
After these changes the WEBI start to work properly!
